This post gives a great overview of criteria for assessing whether your student(s) is (are) ELL(s) or not.
English Language Learners are just that: learners. They will get there with the right input. What makes them different is that they will enjoy the added benefit of speaking in two systems of codes, which will enhance the rest of their cognitive and academic performance, unless there are any hindering pre-existing factors that may prevent it.
Taken from OSSE.DC.GOV
The state definition of Limited-English proficient (LEP) is taken
from the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, S. 9191, 25, of Title IX.
Students must meet a part of the criteria in each of the sections A-D
• (A) who is aged 3 through 21;
• (B) who is enrolled or preparing to enroll in an elementary school or secondary school;
• (C) (who are I, ii, or iii)
• (i) who were not born in the United States or whose
native languages are languages other than English;
Federal Limited…
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So, You Think You Can Teach ESL? 